* Ambulatory Care Dietitian, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System. ** Wellness Dietitian, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System. *** Staff Physician, Department of Medicine, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Assistant Professor of Medicine, School of Medicine, UCLA. Correspondence: Carrie Johnsen, MPH, RD, Nutrition and Food Service (W120), West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073. (310) 478-3711 ext. 40529. E-mail: Carrie.Johnsen@med.va.gov

Abstract: The risk of protein calorie malnutrition among the community dwelling elderly is high. If undetected or untreated malnutrition can raise risks of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, improving screening, assessment and treatment of malnutrition, particularly in ambulatory settings that serve the elderly, is imperative. The aim of this paper is to briefly detail the diagnostic criteria for protein calorie malnutrition and discuss the special considerations necessary in evaluating risk and causes of malnutrition in the elderly. We conclude with a review of current management options and discuss the cost effectiveness and potential inappropriate use of commercially manufactured oral nutritional supplements. (Journ. of Nutr. Health & Aging 2000; 1: 42-46)

Key words: protein calorie malnutrition, oral nutritional supplements, nutritional support, community dwelling elderly