* PhD, Epidemiology, Demography, Biometry Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA. Correspondence may be addressed to: LJ Launer, EDBP/NIA/NIH, 7201 Wisconsin Ave, 3C-309, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Tel: 301-496-1178; Fax: 301-496-4006; email: launerl@exmur.nia.nih.gov

Abstract: Experimental studies have identified several pathways through which oxidative stress could adversely affect cognitive function and increase the risk for dementia. Anti-oxidant supplements have been proposed as interventions for secondary or primary prevention against dementia. The existing observational studies and randomized trials examining anti-oxidants and cognitive function outcomes are reviewed. A discussion is provided of methodologic limitations of existing studies and possible directions for future investigations.

Key words: elderly, nutrition, aging