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UMR INRA/INAPG de Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire,
INAPG, 16 rue Claude Bernard, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France. Correspondence
to: Prof. Daniel Tomé, UMR INRA/INAPG de Physiologie de la Nutrition
et du Comportement Alimentaire, INAPG, 16 rue Claude Bernard, 75231 Paris
cedex 05, France. Tel: (33)144081718,
Fax: (33)144081825, email: daniel.tome@inapg.inra.fr
Abstract: The relations between dietary protein and cardiovascular risk
were first considered through their impact on blood cholesterol. Half a
century after the first reports of an hypocholesterolemic effect of plant
proteins, this subject is still a mater of debate, notably because of the
difficulty in distinguishing between an independent effect of proteins and
that of phytochemicals present in proteins preparations. In addition, many
questions still have to be answered as to how the proteins may affect cholesterol
metabolism. This review also describes the recent advances in new areas
of research that have recently gained attention. Dietary proteins may affect
cardiovascular risk through their effect on homocysteine, glutathione and
nitric oxide. Although most of the data now available are still inconclusive,
incoming results on these topics may prove important to appraise the role
that the amount and/or the nature of dietary proteins play in the onset
of cardiovascular disease.
Key-words: Dietary protein, amino acids, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, homocysteine,
glutathione, nitric oxide, sulfur amino acids, arginine.
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