A major trial is underway to find out the effects of single sigmoidoscopy on detection of colon cancer.

Researchers in Italy who are involved in a multinational trial on screening for colon cancer have reported some early results. They looked at over 34,000 people undergoing either a sigmoidoscopy - an exam of the rectum that involves inspection of the colon wall - or acting as controls.

Sigmoidoscopy revealed 10.8 per cent of cases with a tumour on the left side of the colon, nearest to the rectum. Further testing, using colonoscopy - which involves examination of the colon - revealed that 15.5 per cent had a tumour in the right side of the colon. Most of those undergoing screening said that discomfort and side effects were minimal. The finding of tumours at screening suggests that the one-off exam proposed is worthwhile. But it will take many more years before the full results of this trial are available.

Source

Journal of the National Cancer Institute 4th December 2002